這裡展示一個關於在線學習挑戰的實際應用研究的問題描述。在展示這個例子之前,需要注意的是,各種論文中的問題描述可能會比這個例子的篇幅長很多,特別是在需要解釋研究背景的部分,那時需要為提出的所有描述添加引用的文獻,即提供出處。另外注意,在撰寫論文時,不需要寫上“背景(context)”、“相關性(relevance)”和“目的和目標(aims and objectives)”這三個標題,而將這三部分內容放在不同段落中呈現即可。如果論文的問題描述遵循這種結構來撰寫,一般來講比較容易說服讀者認可論文的重要性。
Context: Since the beginning of the Covid pandemic, most educational institutions around the world have transitioned to a fully online study model, at least during peak times of infections and social distancing measures. This transition has not been easy and even two years into the pandemic, problems with online teaching and studying persist (reference needed). While the increasing gap between those with access to technology and equipment and those without access has been determined to be one of the main challenges (reference needed), others claim that online learning offers more opportunities for many students by breaking down barriers of location and distance (reference needed).
Relevance: Since teachers and students cannot wait for circumstances to go back to normal, the measures that schools and universities have implemented during the last two years, their advantages and disadvantages, and the impact of those measures on students’ progress, satisfaction, and well-being need to be understood so that improvements can be made and demographics that have been left behind can receive the support they need as soon as possible.
Aims and Objectives: To identify what changes in the learning environment were considered the most challenging and how those changes relate to a variety of student outcome measures, we conducted surveys and interviews among teachers and students at ten institutions of higher education in four different major cities, two in the US (New York and Chicago), one in South Korea (Seoul), and one in the UK (London). Responses were analyzed with a focus on different student demographics and how they might have been affected differently by the current situation.