錯誤 54% of our patients responded to the medication. 正確 Of all patients treated with heparin agents, 54% showed a good response. 正確 Fifty-four percent of our patients responded to the medication.
錯誤 All participants were self-declared fans of the U.S.A team. 錯誤 All participants were self-declared fans of either the U.S.A. team or the UAE team.
標點符號的錯誤在學術論文寫作錯誤中佔很大比例
不要讓讀者猜測——要定義縮寫字
縮寫字是單字或片語的書面語縮寫形式,可以用來代替整個單字或片語,就像USA,是United States of America(美國)的正式縮寫字。使用縮寫字是為了節省空間和時間,或者避免多次重複較長的單字和片語。然而,有時人們甚至沒有意識到所用的名字或標籤是個縮寫字,或者由於太習慣於對某個術語使用縮寫字,以至於忘記了讀者可能並不知道這個縮寫字代表的是什麼意思。
一般來講,所有縮寫字均須在第一次使用時全拼出來,將縮寫字用括號寫在完整單字的後面。
錯誤 The MWM is a test of spatial learning for rodents. 正確 The Morris water maze (MWM) is a test of spatial learning for rodents.
錯誤 The control group(recruited at the same school)was larger than the test group. 正確 The control group (recruited at the same school) was larger than the test group.
錯誤 Results were analyzed according to age (except for the variable “education”) . 正確 Results were analyzed according to age (except for the variable “education”).
在數字與任何單位之間通常都需要留一個空格,表示角度單位的度(°)除外。
錯誤 The control mice measured 5cm, 6.5cm, and 8.2cm, respectively. 正確 The control mice measured 5 cm, 6.5 cm, and 8.2 cm, respectively.
錯誤 Different intervals were inserted between detection trials : 4 sec, 5 sec, and 2 sec. 正確 Different intervals were inserted between detection trials: 4 sec, 5 sec, and 2 sec.
不要把分號當作逗號來過度使用
分號通常被認為比逗號的斷句效果更強,但是比句號的斷句效果更弱。分號通常不能代替逗號或句號。
兩個獨立分句可以用句號分隔。但是,當且僅當它們在意思上緊密相連時,也可以用分號分隔。
錯誤 My brother lives in Spain; on Christmas, the whole family will meet again. 正確 My brother just entered Korea University; he is majoring in clinical psychology. 正確 Birth rates have been falling for years; consequently, less and less students enter university every semester.
錯誤 Participants were recruited at several different locations, including the Charite Hospital ‒ the only participating institution with a specialized department in this area ‒ in Berlin, Germany, Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, Korea, and Tokai University Hospital in Tokyo, Japan. 正確 Participants were recruited at several different locations, including the Charite Hospital ‒ the only participating institution with a specialized department in this area ‒ in Berlin, Germany; Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, Korea; and Tokai University Hospital in Tokyo, Japan.
錯誤 Behaviour was measured with items rated on a 5-point scale, ranging from 1 = “strongly disagree” to 5 = “ strongly agree” . 正確 Behaviour was measured with items rated on a 5-point scale, ranging from 1 = ‘strongly disagree’ to 5 = ‘strongly agree’. 正確 Behavior was measured with items rated on a 5-point scale, ranging from 1 = “strongly disagree” to 5 = “strongly agree”.