{"id":3825,"date":"2022-11-14T02:35:30","date_gmt":"2022-11-14T02:35:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.wordvice.com\/?p=3825"},"modified":"2023-04-11T22:42:23","modified_gmt":"2023-04-11T22:42:23","slug":"what-is-a-doi-apa-mla-chicago-format","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordvice.com\/blog\/what-is-a-doi-apa-mla-chicago-format\/","title":{"rendered":"What is a DOI? | APA, MLA, Chicago Formats"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"magnifying
A DOI makes it significantly easier for researchers to locate and cite published sources.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

What is a DOI and what does it do?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

You have probably seen reference lists with citations that end in a long number preceded by the abbreviation \u201cdoi,\u201d or been told that your list is missing those. But what does \u201cDOI\u201d stand for? A DOI, meaning digital object identifier, is a unique alphanumeric string that is assigned (standardized by the International DOI foundation<\/a>) to electronic journal articles, government reports, books, and other digital items that need to be identified in databases and on websites. Unlike URLs, DOIs never change, and many journals and citation styles now generally recommend including them in reference lists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

All DOIs start with the number 10 followed by a period, but they can be formatted in different ways. The correct format for your manuscript depends on the DOI citation style the target journal wants you to apply (and\/or other author instructions<\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

doi:10.4324\/9780203449530<\/p>

https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.4324\/9780203449530<\/a><\/p>

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0014-4886(85)90123-2<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Where is the DOI located?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

If a journal publishes DOIs, then you will usually find them somewhere on the first page of an article, probably in the header or footer. <\/p>\n\n\n

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\"how<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

If you cannot find the DOI on the article itself, try clicking on \u201ccite this article\u201d, or search the journal website\u2014it might be listed somewhere there instead.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"what<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

How to find the DOI (DOI lookup)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

There is no central DOI system that lists them all, but web search engines will usually show DOI names if you search for an article\/book by title, name, or topic. If an article has a DOI, the number should be listed in the information about the article, which can be called “Detailed Record”, “Abstract”, or “Abstract\/Details”. If you don’t see such an information record, click on the article title page. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

If all else fails, you can look for a DOI using the Crossref website<\/a>. Crossref is an organization that assigns DOIs for research articles. If you do not find a DOI for an article on Crossref, you can safely assume that the article you are looking for does not have one. Sometimes university libraries provide their own doi-lookup service<\/a> or a how-to page with instructions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

APA Style Guidelines for DOIs<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Because the majority of publications are available and accessed online these days, reference list entries usually end with a DOI or, if an article doesn’t have one, a URL (uniform resource locator).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

An APA citation for a journal article (consisting of author names, publication year, title, journal name, volume (and issue) number, and complete page range) should, whenever available, include a DOI. If you cannot find a DOI and the article was accessed through a website other than a database (e.g. the journal website), provide the URL instead\u2014if there is no “share” button or the like, just copy the address bar of your browser directly into your reference list. If an article has no DOI and you found it on an academic database or read it in print format, then just omit the DOI number. And if an online article you want to cite has both a DOI and a URL, include the DOI only. No other alphanumeric identifiers (such as the International Standard Book Number (ISBN) or the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)) should be included in APA Style references.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro-tip 1:<\/strong> Since some databases and archives require a login or subscription, provide the URL of the database or archive home page or login page instead of the URL for such works. The APA website explains such details here<\/a> and offers advice for when an article has no DOI and the URL is no longer working or no longer provides readers access here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro-tip 2:<\/strong> Manually check the DOIs in your reference list to make sure they all lead to the correct article before submitting your manuscript!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The APA also recommends that you: <\/p>\n\n\n\n